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All Souls Umhlali is a church in the Anglican Diocese of Natal on the KwaZulu Natal Dolphin Coast. == History == This region was favoured by King Shaka of the Zulus for military barracks, with his capital becoming KwaDukuza (also called Stanger in more recent history) after the death of his mother. One of these Zulu barracks was called Mdumezulu ("where the heavens thunder"). A magisterial post was established near the barracks in 1850 with Mr C.H. Williams becoming the first resident magistrate. For a time the settlement was even known as Williamstown. The first Anglican church services were held at his home. (The ruins of these early settler buildings can be seen on the property at "Foxhill".) However, Williamstown faded in usage after the magistrate departed and the more descriptive term, "Umhlali", remained in use. Umhlali is the Zulu name for the Monkey Orange tree (''Strychnos spinosa''), which grew abundantly along the banks of the Umhlali river. It also means "the place of waiting" because settlers and locals would have to wait on the banks before crossing the river on a northward journey. In 1857 an earthwork fort, Fort Scott, was built by the 85th Regiment of Foot (Bucks Volunteers) on a knoll west of the present highway near the turnoff to Salt Rock.〔Prof John Laband〕 The first church at Umhlali was a temporary wattle-and-daub building of coarse grass daubed inside with red mud. It was built for about £90 with the intention of servicing the fort. Most settler buildings of this time were wattle and daub, thatched with tambootie grass. Daub was composed of clay or ant-heap, tempered with sand and cow dung. Windows were hung on butt hinges. Unfortunately this first church burnt down shortly after completion. A new fort called Fort Williamson was begun in 1861 close to the mouth of the Thukela, which saw the Umhlali fort being in disrepair in just over a decade after first being built.〔Prof John Laband〕 The same fate befell Fort Williamson in the 1870s, and when the British invaded Zululand in 1879 they replaced it with Fort Pearson overlooking the Thukela drift where the present highway crosses over. Fort Williamson was abandoned without ever seeing any action. Given the state of disrepair of the local fort, the jail in Williamstown (Umhlali) was designated as a laager for the local farmers in 1878. By March 1879 it was in a state of defence. Foundations on the farm Seaforth to the east of the old main road (the old Robbins Farm) are all that remains of this laager defence. While understandably nothing remains of the first wattle-and-daub Anglican church, almost nothing is evident of the next Anglican church to be built in Umhlali, St James. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「All Souls Church, Umhlali」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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